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Essential Information of Common Urological Conditions
Prostate Cancer
Prostate Cancer is a formation of malignant cancer cells in the tissues of the prostate. It is 5th most common type of cancer in males in Singapore which recently has gone up the ranks to 3rd position.
Urinary Bladder Cancer
A growth of malignant cancer cells in the inner lining of the bladder, forming a tumor which is the 8th commonest cancer in male. Commonly occur in male than female with ratio of 2:1 and more than 55 years old. Ninety percent of the bladder cell cancer is transitional cell cancer and the other is squamous cell cancer (associated with chronic infection and irritation) and adenocarcinoma (in urachus or chronic irritation).
Kidney Cancer
A growth of malignant cells in the kidney resulting in the formation of a tumour. Kidney cancer like other urogenital cancer is on the rises but the reason is partially due to improved medical technology with increase in detection of smaller and early stage renal cell cancer. It was used to say that 50% of renal cell cancer associated with spread when diagnosed but this is changing due to increase use of abdominal ultrasound in detecting intra-abdominal tumour.
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia is an enlargement of the prostate gland. Prostate gland exists in all male and it starts to enlarge as early as 35 years. It is not until later in life that the urinary symptoms occur. Generally, benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) or benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) happens to compress on the urethra and resulting in the obstructing symptoms.
Urinary / Kidney Stone
There is present of hard masses made out of calcium and other minerals in the urine form stones that may cause pain, bleeding or injection when they block the urinary tract. As Singapore is a hot, tropical modern country with fast pace stressful lifestyle, urinary stone disease is common. It generally affects more males than females, between the ages from 35 to 60. Recently, the stone disease is also commonly seen in patients with a sedentary lifestyle and this may be related to their lifestyle and eating habits.
Urinary Incontinence
Incontinence is the involuntary leakage of urine from the urethra or inability to control urination. It could happen at all ages and both sexes.